Umbiko omusha we-United Nations uveza ukuthi ukwanda kwezobuchwepheshe be-AI kungaholela ekusetshenzisweni kagesi okuphindwe kabili emhlabeni wonke ngo-2030. Lokhu kuzofinyelela cishe ku-3% wawo wonke ugesi okhiqizwayo emhlabeni, futhi ukukhishwa komoya kungalingana nokwe-United Kingdom. Isidingo samanzi okupholisa izinhlelo ze-AI sidlula umthamo wamanzi okuphuwa emhlabeni wonke, ngokombiko okhishwe ngoJuni 7, 2026. Lolu cwaningo olutholakala kuwebhusayithi ye-UNU luhlaziya izindleko zemvelo ze-AI emandleni, ekukhishweni komoya, emanzini nasekusetshenzisweni komhlaba.
I-Paradox kaJevons kanye ne-AI
Umbiko usebenzisa umqondo wezomnotho owaziwa ngokuthi i-paradox kaJevons, owasungulwa ngekhulu le-19 ngusomnotho uWilliam Stanley Jevons. Lo mbono uthi ukuzuza ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinsiza akunciphisi ukusetshenziswa kwazo - kunalokho, uma ubuchwepheshe buba neshibhile futhi bufinyeleleka kalula, ukusetshenziswa kuyanda, kuphakamisa isidingo jikelele. UJevons wabona lokhu eNgilandi yaseVictorian, lapho ukuthuthukiswa ekusebenzeni kwamalahle kwagcina kukhuthaze ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe, hhayi ukunciphisa. Uma kusetshenziswa ku-AI, lo mqondo uphakamisa ukuthi amamodeli asebenza kahle kakhulu angakhuthaza ukwamukelwa okwengeziwe kobuchwepheshe, okuholela ezinhlelweni ezintsha ezinhlanganisweni ezehlukene okuphazamisa izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe.
Lapho Ukusebenza Kahle Kukhiqiza Ukusetshenziswa Okwengeziwe
Ngezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza nokufinyeleleka okukhulu, i-AI ifakwa ezinhlelweni eziningi zokukhiqiza nezinsiza. Umbiko ukhomba ukuthi lokhu sekwenzeka: ngo-2025, izikhungo zedatha zasebenzisa umthamo kagesi olingana nalowo waseSaudi Arabia, elinye lamazwe asebenzisa kakhulu amandla emhlabeni. Ukusetshenziswa kungase kuphindwe kabili ekupheleni kweminyaka, kudingeke izihlahla eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha namakhulu ayisikhombisa (6.7 billion) ezitshalwa iminyaka eyishumi ukuze kuphendulwe ukukhishwa komoya okudalekile. Lesi simo siqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwezobuchwepheshe, ngokukodwa, akuxazululi inkinga yemvelo.
Izinombolo Ezishubile Zomthelela Wezemvelo
Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ingqalasizinda edingekayo ukusekela ukwanda kwe-AI izodinga amanzi angama-9.3 trillion litres nendawo ephindwe kasishiyagalolunye kuneMexico City. Umbiko ugcizelela nokugxila kwezindawo zomhlaba: manje, amazwe angama-32 kuphela aphethe izinhlelo ze-computing cloud ezinikezelwe ku-AI, futhi cishe u-90% walo mthamo ugxile e-United States naseChina. Ababhali bathi lokhu kungaqhubekisa ukwehlukaniswa kwedijithali emhlabeni, kushiye amazwe amaningi enza umsebenzi wabathengi kuphela.
Ukugxila Kwezindawo Zokwakha I-AI
Umbiko ugcizelela ukuthi umthelela we-AI emvelweni uncike ekusetshenzisweni okuvamile nasezinhlelweni eziqondile. Imisebenzi efana nokukhiqiza umbhalo, ukuhlela, ukudala izithombe nokukhiqiza amavidiyo idinga amazinga ahlukene okucubungula, okuthinta ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezinsiza. Ukukhetha kwemodeli nakho kunomthelela, njengoba amasistimu ahlukene enezindleko ezahlukene zemvelo zokwenza imisebenzi efanayo. Ngaphansi kwalesi simo, i-UN iphakamisa izimiso eziqondisayo zokuthuthukiswa okuzinzile kobuchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa ukungafihli, ukusebenza kahle kusukela ekwakhiweni, ukuzibophezela kuyo yonke impilo, ukulingana, ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe nokusetshenziswa okuzinzile kwezinsiza zemvelo.
Izincomo Nokulawula: Indlela Ezinzile
Phakathi kwezincomo zombiko kunokwamukelwa kwemibiko evamile yemvelo ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa nokusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-AI. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi ohulumeni bafake izilinganiso zesidingo sobuchwepheshe ezinhlelweni zabo zamandla nezemvelo. Ukukhathazeka kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba i-AI iqala ukuhlanganiswa nezinsiza zomphakathi. Amazwe afana neNew Zealand ne-Australia asebenze izu elibanzi ukukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe emisebenzini kahulumeni - eNew Zealand, kwakhiwa uhlaka lokuhola ukwamukelwa kwe-AI emkhakheni womphakathi, kanti e-Australia, amaphrojekthi afaka ukuhlela okuzenzakalelayo kwe-acoustics ne-acoustics ne-acoustics.
Kodwa-ke, umbiko uphawula ukuthi womabili la mazwe asebenzisa amamodeli okulawula abhekwa njengalula, agxile ezimisweni ezijwayelekile. Ababhali bathi le ndlela ingashiya eceleni umthelela wemvelo ohambisana nokwanda kwe-AI. Umbiko ufuna ukuhlaziya okubheka wonke umjikelezo wokukhiqiza we-AI, kusukela ekumbiweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuya ekugayweni kabusha nokulahla imishini. Ngaphandle kwalo mbono ohlelekile, izinzuzo zokusebenza kahle zingachithwa ukukhula okusheshayo kokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe.