Indlela entsha yokuthwebula izithombe eziphila nge-3D isungulwe ngabacwaningi baseRice University naseUniversity of Arizona, eguqula izindawo ezingabonakali kahle—njengezindonga, ifenisha, nezingubo—zibe izikrini ezingokoqobo. Le ndlela ishicilelwe kwi-Nature Communications, ixazulula ubuthakathaka obukhulu emishinini yokubona: ukungakwazi ukuthwebula izimo eziguquguqukayo ezinazo izinto ezikhanyayo nezingakhanyi. Ngokuphonsa ukukhanya kwe-laser ezindaweni ezingakhanyi, kusetshenziswa ikhamera ekhethekile eqaphela ukushintsha kokukhanya, le ndlela ikwazi ukurekhoda izenzakalo ezisheshayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima. Lokhu kungathuthukisa izinto ezifana nokushayela okuzenzakalelayo, ukuhlola izimboni, nokuqapha ubuso babantu.
Indlela entsha ixazulula inselelo ende kumabona-mishini
Izinhlelo eziningi zokuthwebula izithombe eziphila nge-3D zisebenzisa ukukhanya okuhleliwe, okuphonsa amaphethini endaweni bese kukala ukuthi aphethini ahlehla kanjani ezintweni. Nakuba lezi zinhlelo zisetshenziswa kabanzi, zivame ukwehluleka lapho kukhona ukunyakaza, ukukhanya okunamandla, noma izinto ezixubile eziyikhanyayo nezingakhanyi. Kulezo zimo, ukukhanya okugxuma phakathi kwezinto kuyaphazamisa izilinganiso futhi kunciphisa izinga lesithombe. Indlela entsha ikwazi ukunqoba lezi zinkinga ngokusebenzisa izindawo ezingakhanyi—ezifana nezindonga, izingubo, nefenisha—njengezikrini ezibonakalayo ezibonisa amachashaza e-laser ezintweni ezikhanyayo.
I-Deflectometry isetshenziswa kabusha
UDkt. Ashok Veeraraghavan, usihlalo woMnyango Wezobuchwepheshe Kagesi Nekhompyutha eRice, uchaze ukuthi ithimba lisebenzise i-deflectometry, indlela evamile ekuboneni kwekhompyutha. I-Deflectometry ikala ukuma kwezinto ezikhanyayo ngokubuka ukuthi amaphethini okukhanya ahlanekezeka kanjani. Ngokuvamile, le ndlela idinga izikrini ezinkulu ezibekwe kahle, okwenza kube nezindleko futhi kungabi lula. Kodwa ngokuphonsa i-laser ezindaweni ezingakhanyi esezikhona, ithimba likwazile ukususa isidingo semishini ekhethekile, likwenza noma yiliphi igumbi libe yindawo yokuthwebula izithombe.
Ukusebenza kohlelo: i-laser nokhamera okhethekile
Inqubo yokuthwebula izithombe ihamba ngezinyathelo ezimbili. Okokuqala, i-laser iyaskena izindawo ezingakhanyi ukuze yakhe imephu ezinembile ye-3D. Lapho amachashaza e-laser ebonakala ezintweni ezikhanyayo, ithimba lisebenzisa izindawo ezingakhanyi njengezikrini ezingokoqobo, njengoba kuchaza u-Aniket Dashpute, umfundi weziqu eRice. Okwesibili, ikhamera ekhethekile eqaphela ukushintsha kokukhanya—hhayi ukuthwebula izithombe eziphelele—ikwazi ukwakha imidlalo ye-3D esheshayo. UJiazhang Wang, umcwaningi e-University of Arizona, uveza ukuthi le khamera ingaphatha amazinga okukhanya ahlukene, kusukela kokumnyama kakhulu kuya kokukhanyayo, okuvumela ukuthi zonke izinto esigcawini zilinganiswe ngokunemba okufanayo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-laser nokhamera okhethekile
Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-laser nokhamera okhethekile kumelela ushintsho olukhulu kunendlela evamile yokuthwebula izithombe eziphila nge-3D. Lapho amakhamera avamile engase ahluleke ngenxa yokunyakaza okusheshayo noma ukukhanya okungafani, ikhamera yezenzakalo ithwebula ukushintsha kuphela, inciphisa umthwalo wedatha futhi ithuthukisa isivinini. Lokhu kwenza le ndlela ifanele izinhlelo ezidinga ukusebenza ngesikhathi sangempela, lapho umzuzwana ngamunye ubalulekile.
Izinketho zokusebenza emikhakheni ehlukene
Le ndlela ingathuthukisa kakhulu umbona-mishini emikhakheni eminingana ebalulekile. Ezimotweni ezizishayelayo, ukukwazi ukubona abahamba ngezinyawo, ezinye izimoto, kanye nomgwaqo ezimweni ezinzima kubalulekile ekuphepheni. Ezimbonini, abakhiqizi bangasebenzisa le ndlela ukuthola iziphetho ezintweni zensimbi ezikhanyayo noma ezisobala, ezingabonwa kahle yizikena ezijwayelekile. Izinhlelo zokuqapha ubuso zingazuza ekutholeni ubunzulu obunembayo ezindaweni ezihlukene, kanti izinhlelo zokuqapha umuntu—njengokuqapha izenzo noma impilo—zingathola inzuzo ngesivinini nangokunemba kwale ndlela.
Ukusebenza ezikalini ezahlukene
Nakuba le ndlela ikhonjiswe kuphela elabhorethri etafileni, abacwaningi bagcizelela ukuthi ingakwazi ukusebenza ezikalini ezahlukene. UFlorian Willomitzer, uprofesa e-University of Arizona, uchaza ukuthi ukusebenza ezikalini ezahlukene kuyisidingo esibalulekile kumashini wokuthwebula izithombe eziphila nge-3D. Le ndlela ingasheshe yenze izinto ezincane njengemithambo yegazi ekhanyayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, noma idijithalise amakamelo wonke nezakhiwo, inikeza ukuguquguquka ekusebenzeni ezindaweni ezahlukene. Lokhu kusho ukuthi le ndlela ingancishiswa ibe yithuluzi eliphethwa ngesandla, noma ikhuliswe ukuze isetshenziswe ezakhiweni ezinkulu.