Isivumelwano esisha somjaho wasemkhathini siqalile, lapho i-United States, i-China, ne-India zibambe iqhaza elikhulu ekwakheni izisekelo eziphansi eNyangeni. Lo mjaho awusona nje isibonakaliso sobuhlakani; uhilela ubuchwepheshe, ukuphepha kwezizwe, kanye nezithakazelo zezomnotho ezingaba yizigidigidi zamandla eminyakeni ezayo. Ngokusho kwemithombo, izizwe ezahlukene zifuna ukwakha izindawo zokuhlala eziphansi nyanga ukuze zihlole amandla ezinto ezinjengomkhiwane namandla kagesi. Lokhu kungashintsha indlela umuntu abuka ngayo umkhathi futhi kuvule iminyango emisha yokuthuthuka.
Izizathu Zokubuyela EsiNyangeni Ngamanzi Nomkhiwane
Emva kokuphela kohlelo lwe-Apollo, ukuhlola inyanga kwehle kakhulu eminyakeni eminingi. Izikhungo zomkhathi zagxila kumasathelayithi, iziteshi eziyizindawo zokuhlala, nezikhali ezenziwa imishini eminye imithombo. Kodwa intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokutholakala kwezinto ezintsha kuphinde kuvule amehlo. Okubalulekile ukuthi kukhona iqhwa lamanzi ezindaweni ezipholile eNyangeni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingashaywa yilanga.
Amanzi, Umoya Nophethiloli Asuka Emhlabathini Wenyanga
Lamanzi angasetshenziswa njengomthombo wokuphila, ukukhiqiza umoya ophefumulayo, nokwenza uphethiloli wamarokhethi. Lokhu kwenza inyanga ibe yindawo yokugcina uphethiloli ohambweni olude emkhathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude bendawo enyangeni ibuhle ukuze kuhlolwe ubuchwepheshe obusha. Lezi zivivinyo zibalulekile ekuthunyelweni kwabantu eMarsi nakwezinye izindawo.
Okunye okuhehayo i-Helium-3, isiqephu esiyivelakancane emhlabeni kodwa esitholakala kakhulu enyangeni. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi singasetshenziswa kwezobuchwepheshe bezamandla okuhlanganisa ama-athomu. Nakuba ukuhlola kwezomnotho kusencike ekuthuthukeni kwezesayensi, amandla ezinto zokukhiqiza amandla aheha abantu abaningi. Lokhu kunomthelela ekukhuleni kwalomjaho wenyanga.
I-USA, i-China ne-India Zihlela Izisekelo
I-United States ihamba phambili ngohlelo lwe-Artemis, oluhlelwe yi-NASA, oluhlanganisa izinhlangano ezizimele nezamazwe ngamazwe. Inhloso ukuthi kuthunyelwe abantu emhlabathini wenyanga okokuqala kusukela ngonyaka we-1972. Akukhona nje ukuvakasha; izikhungo zihlela ukuhlala isikhathi eside, ngezinhlelo ezijwayelekile kanye nezisekelo eziphansi. I-rocket i-SLS, i-capsule i-Orion, kanye nesiteshi semkhathi i-Gateway yizinto eziyinhloko zalomjaho.
I-Artemis: Isisekelo Eduze Komhlane Wenkanyezi Nokuhlala
Enye yezinhloso ezinkulu ze-Artemis ukwakha isisekelo eduze komhlane osezansi wenyanga. Leyo ndawo ibalulekile ngenxa yamanzi aqhwa kanye namathuba emisebenzi yesayensi. I-NASA ihlela ukusebenzisa inyanga njengegumbi lokungena emkhathini ojulile. Ukubambisana nezinkampani ezizimele kanye nezikhungo zamazwe ngamazwe kuhloswe ukusheshisa intuthuko futhi kuncishise izindleko.
I-China Ihlose Isisekelo Sezesayensi Emazweni Ngamazwe Eminyakeni Ezayo
I-China iphume njengomunye wabancintisana abakhulu be-USA. Eminyakeni edlule, uhlelo lwaseShayina lomkhathi lwenze intuthuko emangalisayo, kuhlanganise nokuhlala emhlabathini wenyanga kanye nokwakha isiteshi sayo somkhathi. Izwe lihlela ukwakha isisekelo sezesayensi emazweni ngamazwe emhlabathini wenyanga eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo. Loluhlelo luhlanganisa ukubambisana namazwe angaphandle kanye nezisekelo eziphansi zokucwaninga nokuhlola izinsiza.
Abaphathi baseShayina bathi inyanga izoba nesandla ekwandiseni ubukhona bomuntu emkhathini. Amasu abo afaka imishini yamarobhothi, ukuthutha izinto, futhi kamuva ukuthunyelwa kosomkhathi ukuze bahlale isikhathi eside. I-India nayo ivele ngemishini yayo yamazolo, ikhombisa amandla okuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe nokuhlala ezindaweni eziyinselele. Lokhu kuphumelele kuqinise isikhundla sayo emhlabeni futhi kwavula umnyango wamaphrojekthi amasha okuhlola umkhathi ojulile.
I-European Space Agency Nezinkampani Ezizimele Zibamba Iqhaza
I-European Space Agency (ESA) igxile ekubambisaneni emazweni ngamazwe. Esikhundleni sohlelo oluzimele, i-Europe inikela ngezinhlelo zokuxhasa ukuphila, izisekelo ezihlalwa abantu, amarobhothi, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokumba enyangeni. Ochwepheshe baseYurophu bakholelwa ukuthi ubambisano luzonciphisa izindleko futhi kusheshiswe ukwakhiwa kwezisekelo eziphansi.
Izikampani ezizimele nazo zibambe iqhaza, zitshala imali kumarokhethi angasetshenziswa izikhathi eziningi, izinhlelo zokuhlala emhlabathini, nezokuthutha impahla. Zibona inyanga hhayi nje njengendawo yesayensi, kodwa njengomkhakha wezomnotho ozayo. Izinsiza zemvelo zenyanga zingaba nezithekeli ezinkulu uma umuntu enwetsha ubukhona bawo emkhathini.
Umkhakha ozimele usiza ukunciphisa izindleko zokuqalisa amarokhethi futhi usheshise intuthuko. Ochwepheshe abaningi babheka inyanga njengesinyathelo esibalulekile ngaphambi kwemishini eya eMarsi. Ulwazi olutholakele ekwakheni nasekusebenzeni izisekelo zenyanga luzonikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ngokuphila ezindaweni ezingeyona eyomhlaba. Amandla adonsela phansi amancane enyangeni enza kube lula ukugijimisa amarokhethi ezindaweni ezikude, okuguqula inyanga ibe yisikhumulo sezinto zomkhathi.
Iminyaka ezayo ithembisa ukuba ngeminye ebalulekile ekuhloleni umkhathi. Imishini emisha yamarobhothi, ukuhlala komuntu, nokwakhiwa kwezisekelo eziphansi kungashintsha ubuhlobo bomuntu nenyanga. Inyanga eyake yafanekisela ukunqoba emjahweni wokuqala manje imelela ithuba lokunweba imingcele yempucuko. Uma izinhlelo zangempela zifezeka, amashumi eminyaka azayo azobona imiphakathi yokuqala ehlala ngaphandle komhlaba.