I-United Kingdom iyalungiselela omunye wemithetho eqinile kunazo zonke yokulawula i-inthanethi emlandweni wesimanje ngemuva kokuthi uNdunankulu u-Keir Starmer ememezele izinhlelo zokunciphisa ukufinyelela kwabasebenzisi abangaphansi kweminyaka eyi-16 ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Lo mthetho usuholele empikiswaneni emhlabeni wonke phakathi kohulumeni, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe, othisha, abazali kanye nabavikeli bezingane. Uma ugunyazwa, le mithetho izophoqa izinkundla ezinkulu ukuthi zisebenzise izinhlelo eziqinile zokuqinisekisa iminyaka ukuze zivimbele izingane ekungeneleleni. Lolu hlelo lwethulwa njengengxenye yesu elibanzi lokuthuthukisa ukuphepha ku-inthanethi, ukunciphisa ukulutha kwezobuchwepheshe, ukulwa nokuxhashazwa, kanye nokubhekana nokukhathazeka okukhulayo ngomthelela wezinkundla zokuxhumana empilweni yengqondo yezingane.
Izizathu Zokuncishiswa Kokufinyelela Kwinkundla Zokuxhumana
Ngokusho kukahulumeni waseBrithani, izinkundla zokuxhumana sezihlanganise kakhulu nempilo yansuku zonke yezingane nentsha. Nakuba lezi zinsizakalo zinikeza amathuba okuxhumana, ubuciko, imfundo nokuzithokozisa, iziphathimandla zithi ziveza izingane ezintweni eziyingozi. Imibiko kahulumeni kanye nezifundo ezizimele ziveze ukukhathazeka ngokuxhashazwa kwe-inthanethi, okuqukethwe okuyingozi, abadlwenguli abaku-inthanethi, izindaba ezingamanga, ukulutha kwezobuchwepheshe, ukukhathazeka, ukukhungatheka, izinkinga zomzimba kanye nesikhathi esiningi esibukweni. Abaholi bezomthetho baseBrithani bathi izivikelo zamanje azenele nokuthi izinkampani zobuchwepheshe azenzanga okwanele ukuvikela izingane ezinhlelweni zokuqukethwe eziqondiswa ama-algorithm aklanyelwe ukukhulisa ukusetshenziswa. UNdunankulu u-Keir Starmer uchaze lolu hlelo njengomzamo wokuthi "ibuyisele ubuntwaneni ezinganeni" ngokunciphisa ukuchayeka ezindaweni ezikungozi zedijithali.
Kungani i-United Kingdom ifuna ukuvalela izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwe-16?
UHulumeni waseBrithani uthi lesi sinyathelo sihlose ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuxhashazwa, ukuchayeka okuqukethwe okuyingozi, ukulutha kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo phakathi kwezingane nentsha. Izifundo eziningi ziphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezinkundla zokuxhumana kungaholela ekukhathazekeni, ekukhungathekeni, ezinkingeni zokulala, nasezinkingeni zomzimba. Abasekeli balo mthetho bathi izinkundla zokuxhumana zivame ukuthembela kuma-algorithm okuncoma aklanyelwe ukukhulisa ukusetshenziswa, okungaholela ekusebenzeni isikhathi eside nasekuchayekeni okuqukethwe okuyingozi.
Imithelela Ezinkundleni Zokuxhumana Nobuchwepheshe
Uma le mithetho isungulwa, ezinye zezinkundla zokuxhumana ezinkulu emhlabeni zingase ziphoqwe ukuvimba abasebenzisi abangaphansi kweminyaka eyi-16. Izinkundla okulindeleke ukuthi zithintwe zifaka phakathi:
- TikTok
- Snapchat
- X (eyayiyi-Twitter)
- YouTube
- Threads
Ububanzi obuqondile balo mthetho busadliwa ngempikiswano, futhi abaholi bezomthetho kumele banqume ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo ezifaneleka njengezinkundla zokuxhumana ngaphansi kwemithetho emisha. Enye yezinto eziphikiswana kakhulu kulo mthetho iwubuchwepheshe bokuqinisekisa iminyaka. Uhulumeni waseBrithani ucabanga izindlela eziningi ezihloselwe ukuvimba izingane ekudaleni ama-akhawunti noma ekungeneleleni ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Izindlela ezingaba khona zifaka phakathi:
- Ukuqinisekiswa ngomazisi okhishwe nguhulumeni
- Ukulinganiselwa kweminyaka ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa
- Izinhlelo zokuhlaziya ubuso ukuze kutholwe iminyaka
- Izinkundla zobunikazi bedijithali
- Abahlinzeki bokuqinisekisa bezinto zangaphandle
- Ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa iminyaka ngezinto eziphilayo
Izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ziyobe zinomthwalo wokuqalisa nokugcina lezi zinhlelo, futhi ukungathobeli kungaholela ezinhlawulweni ezinkulu zezimali. Abakhulu bezinkampani zobuchwepheshe baveze ukukhathazeka mayelana nale mithetho ehlongozwayo. Abameleli bomkhakha bathi izinkundla zokuxhumana sezitshala imali enkulu ezinyathelweni zokuphepha kwezingane kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula okuqukethwe. Izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ziphinde zaphakamisa imibuzo ngezinselele ezingokoqobo ezihambisana nokuqinisekiswa kweminyaka. Ezinye izinkampani zixwayisa ngokuthi ukudinga ukuthi abasebenzisi bethule umazisi kahulumeni noma imininingwane yezinto eziphilayo kungakha ukukhathazeka ngobumfihlo futhi kwandise izingozi zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi. Abanye bathi izinhlelo zokuqinisekisa iminyaka azihambe zilungile ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi zingavimba abasebenzisi abasemthethweni ngempazamo.
Yiziphi izinkundla zokuxhumana ezingathinteka?
Izinkundla ezifana ne-TikTok, i-Instagram, i-Facebook, i-Snapchat, i-X, i-YouTube nezinye zingabhekana nemingcele ngaphansi kwalo mthetho. Uhulumeni usezobe echaza ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo ezihlukaniswa njengezinkundla zokuxhumana ngaphansi kwemithetho emisha. Abakhulu bezinkampani zobuchwepheshe baveze ukukhathazeka ngale mithetho, bephikisa ukuthi sebenzile imali enkulu ezinyathelweni zokuphepha kwezingane. Bathi ukudinga ukuthi abasebenzisi bethule umazisi noma imininingwane yezinto eziphilayo kungakha ukukhathazeka ngobumfihlo.
Ingabe ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bungadlala indima ebalulekile ekuhloleni iminyaka?
Kulindeleke ukuthi ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (i-AI) bube yingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zokuqinisekisa iminyaka. Abahlinzeki abaningana bezobuchwepheshe bathuthukise izixazululo ezisekelwe ku-AI ezingakwazi ukulinganisa iminyaka yomsebenzisi ngokuhlaziya ubuso kanye namaphethini okuziphatha. Abasekeli bathi lezi zinhlelo zinganciphisa ukuthembela kumazisi kahulumeni, ngenkathi zinikeza okuhlangenwe nakho okuqhubekayo kokuqinisekisa. Nokho, kusekhona ukukhathazeka ngokusebenza kahle, ubandlululo, ukungafihli kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kwezobuchwepheshe bezinto eziphilayo. Lolu daba luqhakambisa indima ebalulekile edlalwa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa ekulawulweni kwedijithali yesimanje.
Ingabe intsha izokwazi ukuyenga imingcele?
Ochwepheshe baphawula ukuthi izingane eziningi ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-16 zinamakhono ezobuchwepheshe anamandla futhi zingazama ukuyenga imingcele ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezifana nama-VPN, imininingwane yama-akhawunti engamanga, ama-akhawunti okwabelwana ngawo, izinkundla ezingezinye, kanye nezinsizakalo zangaphandle. Imizamo yangaphambilini yokuvimba ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi emazweni amaningi ikhombise ukuthi abasebenzisi abazimisele bavame ukufuna ezinye izindlela zokufinyelela okuqukethwe okuvinjelwe. Lokhu kudala umbuzo wokuthi lo mthetho ohlongozwayo ungafeza izinhloso zawo yini.
Ukuphikisana Nokusabela Komphakathi
Ukwethulwa kwalo mthetho kuholele empikiswaneni yomhlaba wonke. I-Australia, i-France, i-Canada, i-United States, i-Germany kanye namazwe amaningi e-European Union bahlole izinyathelo zokuqinisa ukuvikela izingane ku-inthanethi. Isihloko sesibe yindaba ebalulekile yezomthetho njengoba ama-smartphones, izinkundla zokuxhumana kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa buqhubeka nokuguqula impilo yansuku zonke. Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izinqumo ezenziwa yi-United Kingdom zingaba nomthelela emithethweni ezayo emazweni amaningi. Abavikeli bobumfihlo bahlukene mayelana nalo mthetho. Abasekeli bathi ukuqinisekiswa kweminyaka okunamandla kuyadingeka ukuvikela izingane ezindaweni eziyingozi zedijithali. Abagxeki, nokho, besaba ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwemininingwane yomuntu siqu engazwakali kungakha izingozi ezintsha. Imibuzo ivele mayelana nezindlela zokugcina idatha, ukuphepha kwemininingwane yezinto eziphilayo, izizinda zokuqinisekisa ubunikazi, ukugada kahulumeni, kanye namalungelo obumfihlo. Inselele yabaholi bezomthetho iwukulinganisa izinhloso zokuphepha kwezingane nezivikelo zobumfihlo kanye namalungelo omphakathi. Abazali nabo bahlukene. Emindenini eminingi iyasekela ukuvikelwa okuqinile futhi ikholelwa ukuthi izinkampani zezinkundla zokuxhumana kufanele zibhekane nomthwalo omkhulu wokuqukethwe okuboniswa ezinganeni. Abanye basaba ukuthi imingcele eqondile ingase ingazixazululi izinselele eziyisisekelo ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe. Abanye abazali baphikisa ukuthi imfundo, ulwazi lwedijithali kanye nokuzibandakanya kwabazali kungaba nempumelelo kakhulu kunemigomo ebanzi. Ingxoxo ibonisa umzabalazo womphakathi obanzi wokulinganisa ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe nenhlalakahle yezingane.
Yimuphi umthelela wezomnotho lo mthetho ongawuba nezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe?
Lo mthetho ungaba nemithelela ebalulekile yezezimali ezinkampanini ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe. Intsha eneminyaka engaphansi kweminyaka eyi-16 iyisigaba sabathengi esibalulekile kubakhangisi nakumasu okukhula kwenkundla. Ukuvinjwa kwabo kungathinta izilinganiso zokukhula kwabasebenzisi, imali engenayo yezikhangiso, izibalo zokusebenza, izilinganiso zemakethe, kanye namasu okwandisa inkundla. Abatshali-zimali baqaphe kakhulu lezi zenzakalo, njengoba ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke beqinisa ukubhekwa kwezinkundla zedijithali.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe umthetho usugunyaziwe?
Cha. Lo mthetho usadlula ezinqubweni zokubuyekezwa ephalamende nokubonisana ngaphambi kokuthi ube ngumthetho. Kulindeleke ukuthi abaholi bezomthetho balalele ubufakazi obuvela ezinkampanini zobuchwepheshe, ezinhlanganweni zokuphepha kwezingane, ochwephesheni bezempilo yengqondo, abavikeli bobumfihlo, othisha, kanye nabazali. Izichibiyelo nokubuyekezwa okwengeziwe kusalokhu kwenzeka njengoba lo mthetho uqhubeka ngenqubo yezomthetho.
Ngabe amanye amazwe angalandela isibonelo se-United Kingdom?
Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke babuka ngokucophelela indlela ye-United Kingdom futhi bangethula imithetho efanayo uma lo mthetho ukhombisa ukuphumelela. Isimo sibalulekile kwezombusazwe njengoba obuchwepheshe obufana nama-smartphones nezinkundla zokuxhumana buqhubeka nokuguqula impilo.